A Eulerian Multi-Fluid Model for High-Speed Evaporating Sprays

Advancements in internal combustion technology, such as efficiency improvements and the usage of new complex fuels, are often coupled with developments suitable numerical tools for predicting dynamic behavior sprays. Therefore, this work presents a Eulerian multi-fluid model specialized dense evaporating liquid fuel The introduced was implemented within open-source OpenFOAM library, which is constantly gaining popularity both industrial academic settings. it represents an ideal framework development. presented employs classes method advanced interfacial momentum transfer models. droplet breakup considered using enhanced WAVE model, where mass taken from parent droplets distributed among child triangular distribution. Furthermore, thermal moving parabolic temperature profile effective conductivity approach. This includes uncertainty estimation analysis (for spatial temporal resolutions) developed solver. solver validated against two ECN Spray A conditions (evaporating non-evaporating). Overall, results show capability to successfully predict sprays selected operating conditions.